The speed depends on the hardware, in the example below which is a WIC-1T in a 2600 the clock rate command shows speed up to 8000000, but errors if you try to use it. My router can run at 4Mbps.
Also output from show controller indicates which one has the DCE cable connected.
show control s0/0
Interface Serial0/0
Hardware is PowerQUICC MPC860
DCE V.11 (X.21), no clock
R2#conf t
R2(config)#int s0/0
R2(config-if)#clock rate ?
Speed (bits per second)
1200
2400
4800
9600
14400
1300000
2000000
4000000
8000000
<300-4000000> Choose clockrate from list above
R2(config-if)#clock rate 2000000
R2(config-if)#clock rate 4000000
R2(config-if)#clock rate 8000000
^
% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
I'm not sure if you can use a HSSI interface in the same way ie with a back to back cable, depends if the interface is capable of generating a clock.