It may be strictly coincidence, but we recently experienced something similar after running SQL Check and SQL Critical Update (scans the computer on which it is running for instances of SQL Server 2000 and MSDE 2000 that are vulnerable to the Slammer worm). It may have been a dumb idea since we knew we had the latest service packs installed and the chances of us being vulnerable to the Slammer attacks were slim to none.
Anyway, after running the SQL Check and rebooting the servers (again, may be coincidental), we experienced some major hiccups with our systems. Servers could no longer see one another; workstations could no longer communicate with certain servers.
We narrowed the problem down to a corrupt WINS database and our main server losing its role as the "master browser" on the network. We also discovered one of our workstations had become one of the "master browsers." Not what we expected.
The operating system has a browser election to see which PC's will become browsers, domain master browsers, and backup browsers but you can specify which servers can or cannot become browsers if you wish.
I guess the workstation had "won" the election during the reboot process.
You may have to force or exclude a server from being a browser or domain master browser. This is done by editing the registry string MaintainServerList to either No, Yes or Auto. You can also specify a server to become the preferred domain master browser with the ISDomainMaster string.
We had to change the registry settings of the workstation to NOT be a master browser:
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Browser\Parameters]
"MaintainServerList"="NO"
"IsDomainMaster"="FALSE"