Not directly. This is a common misunderstanding with ASP.NET. This is a very brief and broad description of what goes on with ASP.NET:
1) The user browses to an ASP.NET page.
2) The IIS server "compiles" and/or runs the ASP.NET page, which renders HTML and JavaScript to the browser.
3) At this point, the user is seeing basic HTML. The page contains some scripts. The only way for control to return back to the server, is for the page's form to be sumbitted.
4) The user fills out the form, and clicks a button or link (or "whatever").
5) A Page Script runs that determines what was clicked, etc., and builds all of that information into a hidden form variable (the infamous "Viewstate").
6) A "_doPostBack" script runs, which does some housekeeping, and then submits the form.
7) Back on the server, the posted form data is unpackaged and turned into ASP.NET events, which are delegated to their assigned methods.
With that understood, you realize that the only thing, in essence, that a user/browser can do is SUBMIT THE FORM.
One technique I often use is to create hidden textboxes. I assign JavaScript functions to various controls, for client-side validation, etc. When those functions run, I set the relevant textbox values, and submit the form.
Then, in the server-side Page_Load method, I interrogate those values, and call the appropriate functions.
So the direct answer to your question is "NO. JavaScript, as with any other client-side code, can only submit the form."
The longer-winded answer is "ASP.NET doesn't "call" server-side methods, either. Mimic what it does, by setting your own values, and submitting the form."
Thomas D. Greer
Providing PostScript & PDF
Training, Development & Consulting