perryman,
Size was the primary reason for splitting the backends, it was utterly necessary. Testing and analyzing is tough to pin down, since it depends largely on what the purpose of the db is.
As we speak, I'm writing this while waiting for a query to run, linking 4 tables, each from different .mdbs on the network. This one takes about 5 minutes, still not bad for over-the-lan performance of .mdbs this size.
The main thing you want to do is make sure the indexing is done carefully. Since Access is File-server as opposed to Client-server, if the joined fields, for example, are indexed, then the local (front-end) only has to schlep the indexes over the network to complete the join, rather than the entire table.
One way to test this is to run some test queries on the server machine, where it's local, then run the same query on your workstation, and compare performance. I'm able to do that here with VNC--I can vnc into the server, an NT box with Access running, then open one of the backend db's, link to the other backends (on the same machine) and run a query. Then I run the same query here on this machine. There will alway be a performance difference, but huge differences often mean an indexing problem (which can't always be helped--if the query has so many joins, it may be unavoidable that JET needs to drag entire tables over to the client to do the logic).
--Jim