IO Port Usage Method

[straiph]

I have some lit on the PIC commands but nothing on the usage method.

For example to recieve setup: send a control command
mov al,[command code to get setup]
IN 20h,al
then get the 4 control words by 4 consecutive commands?
OUT 20h,al

is this how to do it?
do you know where i can get difinitive information?

thanks
straiph


0000:0000:0000:0000h
The people who have nothing to say and say it too loud have little knowledge, It's the quiet ones you need to worry about!

 

[straiph]

PS: i got my ins & outs the wrong way around!
does that mean i dont know if i am coming or going? 0000:0000:0000:0000h
The people who have nothing to say and say it too loud have little knowledge, It's the quiet ones you need to worry about!

 

[straiph]

does any1 know the PIC port commands and usage or where i can find it?
0000:0000:0000:0000h
The people who have nothing to say and say it too loud have little knowledge, It's the quiet ones you need to worry about!

 

[AmkG]

i386 Interupt Handling

Interupts and the IDT
The i386 processor treats hardware interrupts in the same manner as Exceptions and Software
interupts. Interrupt service routines are registerd with the IDT and then are vectored accordingly base
on the 8259A Programmable Interrupt Controller.
The 8259A Programmable Interrupt Controller
The 8259A is had 8 inputs, 1 interupt line, and a way for the proccessor to query it. Each of the 8 lines
are hooked up to a specific IRQ (0-7). When that IRQ fires the 8259A remembers which line it came
in on and reaises it's interupt line which is connected to the proccessor. Then, by magic, the processor
queries the 8259A, figures out which IRQ fired and vecorts the correct spot in the IDT.
Some time ago, after the IBM XT, a brilliant engineer decided that 8 IRQs was not enough. Because at
that time cards could not share interupts well and they needed to maintain compatablilty with the XT, it
was decided to just chain annother 8259A off of the original one. These days PCs have both a master
and a slave ineterrupt controller.
Programming the 8259A
Each 8259A has two io ports assigned to each of them. For simplicity we'll call them port a and port b.
The are assigned as follows:
PRIVATE
port a
port b
Master 8259A
0x20
0x21
Slave 8259A
0xA0
0xA1
The 8259A is configured throught a series of 4 control words. To configure it send the first word
(ICW1) to port a and the rest are sent to port b.
ICW1
7 0
6 0
5 0
4 1
3 Trig
2 0
1 M/S
0 ICW4

Trig
0 = Edge triggered
1 = Level Triggered
M/S
0 = Master/Slave configuration
1 = Master only
ICW4
0 = No ICW4
1 = ICW4 will be send
Sane master value: 00010001b (0x11)
Sane slave value: 00010001b (0x11)

ICW2
7 Off7
6 Off6
5 Off5
4 Off4
3 Off3
2 0
1 0
0 0

Off 7 .. Off 3
Offeset into the IDT for interupt service routines
The last 3 bits are always 0 because it needs to be 3 bit alligned
Sane master value: 00100000b (0x20)
Sane slave value: 00101000b (0x28)

ICW3 (master)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
S7
S6
S5
S4
S3
S2
S1
S0

S7..S0
0 = IR Line is connected to peripheral device
1 = IR Line is connected to Slave 8259A
Sane master value: 00000100b (0x04)

ICW3 (slave)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
ID2
ID1
ID0

ID2..ID0
IRQ on master this slave is connected to
Sane slave value: 00000010b (0x02)
ICW4 (optional)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
SFNM
BUF
M/S
AEOI
Mode

SFNU
M
0 = No Special Fully Nested Mode
1 = Special Fully Nested Mode
BUF
0 = No Buffered Mode
1 = Buffered Mode
M/S
0 = Slave PIC
1 = Master PIC
AEOI
0 = Manual EOI
1 = Automatic EOI
Mode
0 = MCS-80/85 Mode
1 = 8086/88 Mode
Sane master value: 00000101b (0x05)
Sane slave value: 00000001b (0x01)
Initalization
To initalize the 8259A just send the 4 ICWs to both the slave and master like so:

/* ICW1 */
outb( 0x11, 0x20 ); /* Master port A */
outb( 0x11, 0xA0 ); /* Slave port A */

/* ICW2 */
outb( 0x20, 0x21 ); /* Master offset of 0x20 in the IDT */
outb( 0x28, 0xA1 ); /* Master offset of 0x28 in the IDT */

/* ICW3 */
outb( 0x04, 0x21 ); /* Slaves attached to IR line 2 */
outb( 0x02, 0xA1 ); /* This slave in IR line 2 of master */

/* ICW4 */
outb( 0x05, 0x21 ); /* Set as master */
outb( 0x01, 0xA1 ); /* Set as slave */

Interrupt Mask
The 8259A has the abiltiy to mask off interrupts you tell it to. This is done by writting an 8 bit value
corresponding to the mask to port b while the PIC is in normal opperation mode. The PIC will only
listen to interrupt which have a 0 in the corresponding bit in its mask.
example:

/* Only listen to irqs 0, 1, and 2 */
outb( 0xf8, 0x21 ); /* master PIC */
outb( 0xff, 0xA1 ); /* slave PIC */
EOI
When the 8259A is in Manual EOI mode (ICW4[1]==0) it will wait for an EOI (End Of Interrput)
acknowlegment to be written to it before it will send any more. To send the EOI simply write 0x20 to
prot a of the PIC.
example:

/* Send EOI to both master and slave */
outb( 0x20, 0x20 ); /* master PIC */
outb( 0x20, 0xA0 ); /* slave PIC */


Just vote for me...

"Information has a tendency to be free. Which means someone will always tell you something you don't want to know."

 

[straiph]

AmkG
Thanks, but unfortunately I have this file already.

What threw me was I saw another file of simular information but it had a 'call waitforPIC' in between each port write.

This sub-procedure had no documentation.

It put me in the thinking that I had to make the processor wait for a control bit ready response from the PIC but could see no details.

anyway, I wrote straight port writes and it has appeared to work (so far!).

many thanks
straiph
0000:0000:0000:0000h
The people who have nothing to say and say it too loud have little knowledge, It's the quiet ones you need to worry about!

 

[neworbits]

I think there may be some port programming resources at assemblylanguage.net or at sites linked to from there.

Hope this helps.