You probably read that it had to be terminated within a certain distance from the building entry point. This is a grounding requirement for lightning strike purposes. After that requirement has been met you can run it anywhere you want
Well you could...but in the US you would be violating the National Electrical Code and putting your self in a fair amount of liability. The grounding and primary protection is for over voltage protection yes, however the cable cannot be run indoors because it is manfactured with products that produce too much harmfull gases if ignited and will support rapid fire spread.
To have your cable approved for use inside a structure, it must be rated (complicated process involving flame spread, fire gases and an expensive testing lab) then it receives a stamp such as CM or CP or CMR for communications cabling. Cable that is NOT rated (i.e. outside plant cables like PE-89 type cables, many standard zip cord type wires, etc.)may not be placed in the walls as permanent building wiring, it is a National Electrical Code violation. You might get away with it, but God forbid the place catch on fire and someone dies of smoke inhalation and they find out you put illegal cable in the building.
The cable in question has no armoured sheath, so it would be a little tough to ground that for lightning protection. You could/should put a protector on there that would discharge stray current to ground should it take a hit. We use this type of cable between buildings in conduit, and if required to be outdoors in a cable tray or attached to a structure.
Outdoor plant cables (gel filled, armour shielded, PE-89 type) are allowed to enter the building only a limited distance to limit the risk. The code requires them to be grounded as soon as practical after entering the building, but not more than 50' (unless encased in rigid conduit at which point you can extend it all the way to the grounding/protection location).
Good Luck!
It is only my opinion, based on my experience and education...I am always willing to learn, educate me!
Daron J. Wilson, RCDD
daron.wilson@lhmorris.com