Well, I found the problem. The query I originally used was fine. I changed
UPDATE table SET field_2 = substring(field_1,1,1)
to
UPDATE table SET field_2 = substring(field_different,1,1)
and it looked just as it should. When I exported the data, I saw a \n as the first character for the field I was trying to import. This was the case except for the very first record.
Jer