First level security: what you know, aka passwords
Second level security: what you have, aka tokens
Third level security: who you are, aka biometrics
Each level builds on the previous level. Now most software includes passwords and we have https, encryption, cryptoprotocols, etc. Authentication in short. We can expect better encryption algorithms, new authentication protocols and bigger key sizes, though the great breakthrough was public key security.
Tokens are less widespread, but smartcards, particularly wireless smartcards, are pretty common. In general, expect more powerful cryptographic chips and the multiple wireless solutions to remote tracking, like chip implants for people and animals.
Biometrics are the next wave, but still confront problems, despite some successful systems in the market. The big step I think will be face recognition software, though there are problems regarding illumination and gestures. You can't do better than DNA, though, but it can be somewhat easily (and painfully), defeated.
As for systems, try looking for honeypots and honeynets. Also the development of common criteria for IT, and antivirus technology against such beauties like recombinant machines.
In the end, security is not a matter of technology but a
lifestyle: you need a holistic approach to security or it won't work. The cleverest password is nothing if you write it over your keyboard; the latest smartcard is useless if you forget it in the bathroom; biometrics are null if you key personnel is on the competition's payroll, etc.
Try looking for attack trees for a fun methodology of security threats assessment.