Is it possible to discover what kind of device is connected to the LAN using IP addresses?
e.g. if I provide a range I want info on, can something list each IP address within that range and whether its a laptop, desktop, printer or some other device?
short answer: No - not without running extra software on the client.
if the target device is on the same LAN, you can discover the MAC address, which will normally give you an indication of the manufacturer of the network card / device.
You would need to maintain a lookup list of MAC codes to manufacturers. (info available on the web: google "MAC manufacturer lookup"
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There are tools out there that attempt to do what you are asking, but none of them is 100% accurate, or gives the level of detail that it sounds as if you would like.
Take a look at NMAP. It will attempt to identify the OS that is running on a given IP address, and will identify many of the embedded applications that run on network printers, routers and switches.
But it can't tell you about a Win2k laptop vs. a Win2k desktop. And it will make mistakes in identifying some machines. I've seen a Linux box running Samba come up as Windows, and I've seen a Windows box with NetBIOS filtered that came up as Linux.
You can run arping to get the MAC addresses and then compare against:
if you have a flat network. Or you can do it from each segment separately. That may allow you to make some more assumptions. Like a Sun MAC address is probably running Solaris. But an Intel MAC doesn't tell you anything.
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