Yes you can do a mksysb while the system is in use!
There is no rule that restrict your mksysb!
It all depends on how often your rootvg changes! Like for example how often do you install new software (changes in /usr) or how often your application residing on the rootvg changes!
In my company, we take mksysb on a weekly basis. But we have another job that runs daily to backup any data changes (using backup command).
The 'normal' setup for an AIX system is to divide the system software and the appliaction data into two different volume groups. The system software will be in rootvg, the aplication data will be in, for example, datavg. There are differing reasons as to where to put the application software, personally I plump for datavg.
Having said that the mksysb backs up rootvg only. Under normal circumstances changes in rootvg will be limited to user details, passwords etc and, as such how often you should back up depends on how much you want to say to your user base "all changes in users, passwords etc. have been reverted to the last backup." Our main systems have mksysb's taken using NIM on a nightly basis, one of our little used dev systems only has a mksysb when there's a change applied.
Having said that you should always do a mksysb before applying patches, etc. Patches are, by their very nature, applied to system software in rootvg and, if you have to revert, restoring a mksysb may be faster and easier than rolling back numerous patches.
Can you do a mksysb with the system up - yes, as long as the application is in a different volume group.
A mksysb is not the be all and end all of system backups - it only does the system software. It is the norm to use some other product to backup the datavg depending on the size and complexity of the job. It is common to have to stop applications before doing this type of backup but that is application dependant.
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