It depends. If you are going from 4.1 to 5.1, you can use the accelerated upgrade wizard that is located on the 5.1 CD. If you are upgrading from any other flavor of 5 or you are just replacing hardware go to NWCONFIG (or Install for 4.1) > --- Directory Service Options >-- Directory Backup and Restore Options >-- Save local DS information prior to Hardware upgrade. When prompted, save it to one of the server volumes and copy it to your workstation when it's done. Later, create an entirely new server on new hardware and install it into a temporary tree. After installing applications from the old server and patching it up, burn the NDS info that you copied onto your workstation onto CD (most likely it won't fit on a floppy) and do the reverse>>> Go back to Directory service Options > Directory Backup and Restore options > Load local DS information after hardware upgrade. Mount the CDrom in the server and then point Netware 5.1 to the file burned on the CDROM, and then you should be done. Restore all the files from tape backup after that and the attributes should be restored with them after NDS is back on the server.