There are serveral Protocols about, h323, SIP, MGCP etc etc.
Within these are CODECs which are used to compress the data and decompress it again at the other end.
So to make it simpler the protocol is your choice of transport and your codec is how you cram people in.
So h323 for example may be seen as the Train.
You choose how you cram people in. You can be efficient and pack as much in as possible, but it won't be a quailty journey. Or you can scrifice space and have people travel in space and comfort, but it will cost more.
But in the same anolgy, you will find that your transport isn't compatible with others.
So for example SIP (transport) could be a car. So although it's a form of transport and you can cram it full or have it nice and empty (Codec), it can't run on the train track, so is not comptible with h323.
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