Determining memory usage

[Wonboodoo]

How do I determine how much memory (including swap space) is really in use?

I have "top" on my machine which shows this:
Memory: 4096M real, 64M free, 4336K swap in use, 1020M swap free
One would deduce from this that there is about 8G (4G RAM + 4G swap) in use.

But when I use &quot;/usr/proc/bin/pmap -x <PID>&quot; for every process on the system and sum up all the total Kbytes columns or do a &quot;ps -el&quot; and sum up all the SZ columns (and multiply by the pagesize: 8192) both tell me that all the processes on the system are taking up a total of about 1.25G of memory.

My question is, where the hell has the other 6.5G gone???
Is what &quot;top&quot; is telling me wrong? Are the &quot;pmap&quot; and &quot;ps&quot; commands wrong? What am I missing?

 

[Annihilannic]

top is reputedly not very reliable on Solaris.

Neither, unfortunately, are some of the system tools such as vmstat in versions before Solaris 8.

The term &quot;swap&quot; actually refers to all of your virtual memory, which is the sum of the physical memory and all swap ares on disk.

Have a look at this to get the lowdown on Solaris memory usage:

http://www.sun.com/sun-on-net/performance/vmsizing.pdf

And this invaluable tool is referenced in that document.

http://playground.sun.com/pub/memtool/

Annihilannic.